orton gillingham programs

2 min read 31-08-2024

The Orton-Gillingham approach is a structured, multisensory method of teaching reading and writing that is especially beneficial for individuals with dyslexia and other learning disabilities. This article will delve into the key features, principles, and applications of Orton-Gillingham programs.

What is Orton-Gillingham?

The Orton-Gillingham approach was developed in the early 20th century by Dr. Samuel T. Orton and educator Anna Gillingham. It is based on the understanding that reading difficulties are often linked to a discrepancy between phonological processing and language skills. The program is designed to teach individuals how to read and write by breaking down language into its essential components.

Key Features of Orton-Gillingham Programs

Multisensory Learning: Orton-Gillingham utilizes visual, auditory, and kinesthetic activities to engage multiple senses. This approach helps reinforce learning by allowing students to see, hear, and touch letters and words.
Structured Language Instruction: The program follows a systematic sequence, starting with basic phonics and gradually progressing to more complex language concepts. Lessons are tailored to meet the individual needs of each student.
Direct Instruction: Teachers provide explicit instruction and guidance, ensuring that students understand the rules and patterns of the English language.
Diagnostic and Prescriptive Teaching: Orton-Gillingham is highly adaptable. Educators assess students' strengths and weaknesses to create personalized lesson plans that address specific learning goals.

Principles of Orton-Gillingham

The Orton-Gillingham approach is built on several core principles:

Language Structure: Understanding that language is composed of sounds (phonemes), letters (graphemes), and patterns.
Sequential Learning: Introducing concepts in a logical order, starting with simpler skills and moving to more complex ones.
Repetition and Review: Regular review of previously learned concepts ensures retention and mastery.
Individualized Instruction: Recognizing that each student learns at their own pace and may require different approaches.

Applications of Orton-Gillingham Programs

Orton-Gillingham programs can be used in various educational settings:

1. Schools: Many schools have integrated Orton-Gillingham techniques into their reading curricula to support struggling readers.

2. Tutoring: Private tutors trained in the Orton-Gillingham approach can provide specialized instruction for students who need additional help.

3. Special Education: The program is often utilized in special education environments, where tailored teaching strategies are essential.

4. Homeschooling: Parents who homeschool can incorporate Orton-Gillingham methods to assist children with learning difficulties.

Conclusion

Orton-Gillingham programs offer a comprehensive and effective way to teach reading and writing to individuals with dyslexia and other learning challenges. Through its multisensory approach, structured lessons, and personalized instruction, students can gain the skills and confidence they need to succeed academically. Whether implemented in schools, tutoring, or homeschooling, the principles of Orton-Gillingham remain invaluable in promoting literacy for all learners.